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The Great Wall was a series of fortifications built across the historical northern borders of China. Large tempered earth (i.e. rammed earth) walls were built in ancient China since the Shang dynasty (c. 1600 –1050 BC); the capital at ancient Ao had enormous walls built in this fashion (see siege for more info).
A moat was a common addition to medieval fortifications, and the principal purpose was to simply increase the effective height of the walls and to prevent digging under the walls. In many instances, natural water paths were used as moats, and often extended through ditches to surround as much of the fortification as possible.
Stockholm's oldest city wall was originally a fortification line built during the second half of the 13th century around Stadsholmen. [1]: 37 This line of fortifications is thus intimately connected with the origin of Stockholm, founded by Birger Jarl around the year 1250. The old city wall's exact design and location is disputed and unknown.
Monastic communities, such as Solovki Monastery, are often surrounded by a wall, and some churches, such as St. Arbogast in Muttenz, Switzerland, have an outer wall as well. Churches with additional external defences such as curtain walls and wall towers are often referred to more specifically as fortress churches or Kirchenburgen (literally ...
This 128-page book begins with a table of contents with a list of tables found in the book, followed by a brief introduction on page 4. Chapter 1: Building a Stronghold (pages 4–14) details a step-by-step process by which DMs and players can design a stronghold. Notes provided include how to stock the structure with gear and fill it with ...
A Viking ring fortress, Trelleborg-type fortress, or trelleborg (pl. trelleborgs), is a type of circular fort of a special design, built in Scandinavia during the Viking Age. These fortresses have a strictly circular shape, with roads and gates pointing in the four cardinal directions.
Stronghold 3 is a 2011 real-time strategy game, featuring more realistic shadows, landscapes, units, buildings, day/night cycle, and weather, based on a new 3D game engine, allowing the player to construct walls and buildings at non-parallel angles. It is a direct sequel to Stronghold and Stronghold 2.
Developments in design and decoration may have been influenced by the Carolingian Renaissance on the continent, where there was a conscious attempt to create a Roman revival in architecture. St Wystan's Church, Repton, Derbyshire (crypt c. 750, chancel walls ninth century) St Mary's Priory Church, Deerhurst, Gloucestershire (c. 930)