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Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 O 2.In its pure form, it is a very pale blue [5] liquid that is slightly more viscous than water.It is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent, and antiseptic, usually as a dilute solution (3%–6% by weight) in water for consumer use and in higher concentrations for industrial use.
About 50 ml of concentrated (>12%) [5] hydrogen peroxide is first mixed with liquid soap or dishwashing detergent. Then, a catalyst, often around 10 ml potassium iodide solution or catalase from baker's yeast, is added to make the hydrogen peroxide decompose very quickly. Hydrogen peroxide breaks down into oxygen and water.
The hydrogen peroxide needs to be at least 12% w/w concentration, as lower concentrations lead to poor yields. Citric acid is overall superior to other acids, providing a yield of up to about 50%. The molecule adopts a cage-like structure with the nitrogen atoms having an unusual trigonal planar geometry.
It is an adduct of sodium carbonate ("soda ash" or "washing soda") and hydrogen peroxide (that is, a perhydrate). It is a colorless, crystalline, hygroscopic, and water-soluble solid. [3] It is sometimes abbreviated as SPC. It contains 32.5% by weight of hydrogen peroxide. The product is used in some eco-friendly bleaches and other cleaning ...
Retrobright (stylized as retr0bright or Retrobrite [1]) is a hydrogen peroxide-based process for removing yellowing from ABS plastics. Yellowing in ABS plastic occurs when it is exposed to UV light or excessive heat, which causes photo-oxidation of polymers that breaks polymer chains and causes the plastic to yellow and become brittle. [2]
Potassium bitartrate, also known as potassium hydrogen tartrate, with formula K C 4 H 5 O 6, is a chemical compound with a number of uses. It is the potassium acid salt of tartaric acid (a carboxylic acid ).
Holographic sensors have been proposed for detecting concentrations up to 12.5% in volume. [48] In a laboratorial setting, gaseous ammonia can be detected by using concentrated hydrochloric acid or gaseous hydrogen chloride. A dense white fume (which is ammonium chloride vapor) arises from the reaction between ammonia and HCl(g). [49]
Hydrogen chloride is produced by combining chlorine and hydrogen: Cl 2 + H 2 → 2 HCl. As the reaction is exothermic, the installation is called an HCl oven or HCl burner. The resulting hydrogen chloride gas is absorbed in deionized water, resulting in chemically pure hydrochloric acid. This reaction can give a very pure product, e.g. for use ...