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A geomagnetic storm, also known as a magnetic storm, is a temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by a solar wind shock wave. The disturbance that drives the magnetic storm may be a solar coronal mass ejection (CME) or (much less severely) a corotating interaction region (CIR), a high-speed stream of solar wind originating ...
The largest magnetospheric-ionospheric current variations, resulting in the largest external magnetic field variations, occur during geomagnetic storms and it is then that the largest GIC occur. Significant variation periods are typically from seconds to about an hour, so the induction process involves the upper mantle and lithosphere .
The NOAA G-scale describes the significance of effects of a geomagnetic storm to the public and those affected by the space environment. It is directly derived from the K p-scale, where G1 is the weakest storm classification (corresponding to a K p value of 5) and G5 is the strongest (corresponding to a K p value of 9). [7]
Americans from Arizona to Delaware got a look at the northern lights on Oct. 10 as a result of a geomagnetic storm impacting the Earth. A second view could be in play tonight, too.
Such a wave can take just two days to reach the Earth. Geomagnetic storms can cause a lot of disruption; the "Halloween" storm of 2003 damaged more than a third of NASA's satellites. The largest documented storm, the Carrington Event, occurred in 1859. It induced currents strong enough to disrupt telegraph lines, and aurorae were reported as ...
Ionospheric storms are storms which contain varying densities [1] of energised electrons in the ionosphere as produced from the Sun. Ionospheric storms are caused by geomagnetic storms. [2] They are categorised into positive and negative storms, where positive storms have a high density of electrons and negative storms contain a lower density ...
Geomagnetic storms can disrupt or damage technological infrastructure, and disorient species with magnetoception. Another physical hazard, X-rays , naturally occur from solar radiation , but have also been utilized by humans for medical purposes; however, overexposure can lead to cancer , skin burns , and tissue damage .
It therefore has a large effect on the electrodynamics of geomagnetic storms. The ring current system consists of a band, at a distance of 3 to 8 R E , [ 1 ] which lies in the equatorial plane and circulates clockwise around the Earth (when viewed from the north).