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The .500 Nitro Express / 13x76mmR is a rifle cartridge designed for hunting large and dangerous game animals in Africa and India. [1] This cartridge was primarily designed for use in double rifles though various single shots were produced on the Farquarson action and at least one major company (Heym) produced it in bolt-action configuration.
What resulted was a rush by British rifle and ammunition makers to develop a substitute, Holland & Holland created the .500/465 Nitro Express, Joseph Lang the .470 Nitro Express, an unidentified firm the .475 Nitro Express, Eley Brothers the .475 No 2 Nitro Express and Westley Richards the .476 Nitro Express, [2] with the .470 NE becoming the ...
The .577 Black Powder Express was the go-to dangerous game caliber from the 1870s through 1900. It spawned the .577 Express around 1890, which used smokeless cordite instead of black powder, and then the .577 Nitro Express in 1900, which used modern metal jacketed and solid bullets pushed by more modern smokeless powders.
The .500/465 Nitro Express is one of several rounds (including the .470 Nitro Express, .475 Nitro Express, .475 No. 2 Nitro Express and .476 Nitro Express) developed as a replacement for the .500/450 Nitro Express following the British authorities' 1907 ban of military caliber ammunition in India and the Sudan, all with comparable performance.
The .500/450 Nitro Express is a rimmed bottlenecked cartridge designed for use in single-shot and double rifles. It is based on the old black-powder .500/450 Magnum Black Powder Express . It fires a .458-inch (11.6 mm) 480-grain (31 g) projectile at over 2,175 feet per second (663 m/s).
The .577/500 NE was developed by loading a 3 + 1 ⁄ 8-inch variant of the .577/500 Black Powder Express with smokeless cordite. The latter was developed by necking down the .577 Black Powder Express to .508". [2] Whilst very similar to the .577/500 No 2 Black Powder Express the two are not interchangeable. [1]
Later the express cartridges were loaded with nitrocellulose-based gunpowder, leading to the Nitro Express cartridges, the first of which was the .450 Nitro Express. [2] The term express is still in use today, and is applied to rifles, ammunition, and a type of iron sight.
A 3 + 1 ⁄ 8-inch variant would later be loaded with cordite to become the .577/500 Nitro Express. [1] For some time the .577/500 No. 2 BPE was loaded with cordite to become the .577/500 No. 2 Nitro for Black, the same cartridge loaded with mild loadings of cordite, carefully balanced through trial to replicate the ballistics of the black ...