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Mapping of several bone diseases onto levels of vitamin D (calcidiol) in the blood [6] Normal bone vs. osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body.
These two forms of vitamin D are metabolized in the liver and stored as 25-hydroxyvitamin D. [4] Before biological use, the storage form must be converted into an active form. One common active form is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. [4] The term vitamin D in this article means cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and the active forms ...
Since vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, too much can put you at serious risk for toxicity including adverse side effects like kidney stones and high calcium levels in the blood.
Vitamin D is a group of structurally related, fat-soluble compounds responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, along with numerous other biological functions. [1] [2] In humans, the most important compounds within this group are vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol). [2] [3]
Ergocalciferol may be used as a vitamin D supplement, whereas cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3) is produced naturally by the skin when exposed to ultraviolet light. [15] Ergocalciferol (D 2 ) and cholecalciferol (D 3 ) are considered to be equivalent for vitamin D production, as both forms appear to have similar efficacy in ameliorating rickets ...
Calcitriol is a hormone and the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. [8] [9] [10] It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.It binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus of the cell, which then increases the expression of many genes. [11]
The Institute of Medicine in 2010 recommended a maximum uptake of vitamin D of 4000 IU/d, finding that the dose for lowest observed adverse effect level is 40,000 IU daily for at least 12 weeks, [25] and that there was a single case of toxicity above 10 000 IU after more than seven years of daily intake; this case of toxicity occurred in ...
However, the NHS recommends 10μg of Vitamin D per day throughout the pregnancy and while breastfeeding, and 400μg of folic acid during the first trimester (first 12 weeks of pregnancy). [15] Some women may need to take iron, vitamin C, or calcium supplements during pregnancy, but only on the advice of a doctor.