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Hydrides such as sodium borohydride, lithium aluminium hydride, diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL) and super hydride, are commonly used as reducing agents in chemical synthesis. The hydride adds to an electrophilic center, typically unsaturated carbon. Hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride are used as strong bases in organic ...
Ternary metal hydrides have the formula A x MH n, where A + is an alkali or alkaline earth metal cation, e.g. K + and Mg 2+. A celebrated example is K 2 ReH 9, a salt containing two K + ions and the ReH 9 2− anion. Other homoleptic metal hydrides include the anions in Mg 2 FeH 6 and Mg 2 NiH 4.
This series has the chemical formula X 2 H 6.Ethane is commonly found alongside methane in natural gas.The other hydrides of the chemical formula X 2 H 6 are less stable than the corresponding tetrahydrides XH 4, and they are more and more less stable as X goes from carbon (ethane C 2 H 6 is stable) down to lead (or flerovium) in the periodic table (diplumbane Pb 2 H 6 is unknown [1]).
In general, complex metal hydrides have the formula M x M' y H n, where M is an alkali metal cation or cation complex and M' is a metal or metalloid.Well known examples feature group 13 elements, especially boron and aluminium including sodium aluminium hydride, NaAlH 4), lithium aluminium hydride, LiAlH 4, and lithium borohydride, (LiBH 4).
Binary hydrogen compounds in group 1 are the ionic hydrides (also called saline hydrides) wherein hydrogen is bound electrostatically. Because hydrogen is located somewhat centrally in an electronegative sense, it is necessary for the counterion to be exceptionally electropositive for the hydride to possibly be accurately described as truly behaving ionic.
Metal carbonyl hydrides are used as catalysts in the hydroformylation of olefins. The catalyst is usually formed in situ in a reaction of a metal salt precursor with the syngas . The hydroformylation starts with the generation of a coordinatively unsaturated 16-electron metal carbonyl hydride complex like HCo(CO) 3 or HRh(CO)(PPh 3 ) 2 by ...
An example of the classical dihydride M(H) 2 (left) compared to the non-classical M(H 2) dihydrogen bonding (right). A more recent definition of borderline hydrides refers to hydrides that exist between classic and non-classic dihydrides. The classic form is the dihydride M(H) 2 configuration, where the metal is bound to two free hydrogen atoms.
The term hydride is probably most often used to describe compounds of hydrogen with other elements in which the hydrogen is in the formal −1 oxidation state. In most such compounds the bonding between the hydrogen and its nearest neighbor is covalent. An example of a hydride is the borohydride anion (BH − 4).