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The idea of a link between parasite infection and immune disorders was first suggested in 1968 [13] before the advent of large scale DNA sequencing techniques.The original formulation of the hygiene hypothesis dates from 1989, when David Strachan proposed that lower incidence of infection in early childhood could be an explanation for the rise in allergic diseases such as asthma and hay fever ...
As the US population has a diet richer in fats than Amerindian or Malawian populations which have a corn-rich diet, the diet is probably the main determinant of the gut bacterial composition. [ 50 ] Further studies have indicated a large difference in the composition of microbiota between European and rural African children.
A prominent example of the gut–memory connection is the effects that alterations in the gut microbiome can have on the pathogenesis of neural diseases like Alzheimer's. [ 3 ] Understanding the connections between the gut microbiome and cognitive health could aid researchers in developing novel strategies for slowing down cognitive decline in ...
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The term microbiome describes either the collective genomes of the microbes that reside in an ecological niche or else the microbes themselves. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The microbiome and host emerged during evolution as a synergistic unit from epigenetics and genetic characteristics, sometimes collectively referred to as a holobiont .
A microbiome (from Ancient Greek μικρός (mikrós) ' small ' and βίος (bíos) ' life ') is the community of microorganisms that can usually be found living together in any given habitat. It was defined more precisely in 1988 by Whipps et al. as "a characteristic microbial community occupying a reasonably well-defined habitat which has ...
Nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics, is a science studying the relationship between human genome, human nutrition and health. People in the field work toward developing an understanding of how the whole body responds to a food via systems biology, as well as single gene/single food compound relationships.
Different host genotypes can influence the identity of MACs available to the microbiota in multiple ways. For example, a host's genes may affect the level of mucus structures, such as the absence of alpha-1-2 fucose residues in the mucus of nonsecretor individuals who lack alpha-1-2- fucosyltransferase activity in the intestine. [6]
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