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Diagram which depicts the basics of flow injection analysis. A sample is injected into a flowing carrier solution stream that is forced by a peristaltic pump.The injection of the sample is done under controlled dispersion in known volumes.
In this article, the terms multi-point injection (MPI), and single-point injection (SPI) are used. In an MPI system, there is one fuel injector per cylinder, installed very close to the intake valve(s). In an SPI system, there is only a single fuel injector, usually installed right behind the throttle valve.
The way they do this is during a deceleration of the vehicle when there is low absolute pressure in the intake manifold (i.e., a high vacuum present in the intake manifold relative to the outside air) the powertrain control module (PCM) will open the EGR valve and then monitor the MAP sensor's values. If the EGR is functioning properly, the ...
The injector is located in the combustion chamber, inlet manifold or – less commonly – the throttle body. Fuel injectors which also control the metering are called injection valves , while injectors that perform all three functions are called unit injectors .
Injection pump for a 12-cylinder diesel engine. An injection pump is the device that pumps fuel into the cylinders of a diesel engine.Traditionally, the injection pump was driven indirectly from the crankshaft by gears, chains or a toothed belt (often the timing belt) that also drives the camshaft.
Pressure in cylinder pattern in dependence on ignition timing: (a) - misfire, (b) too soon, (c) optimal, (d) too late. In a spark ignition internal combustion engine, ignition timing is the timing, relative to the current piston position and crankshaft angle, of the release of a spark in the combustion chamber near the end of the compression stroke.
In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
It is a typical application of the injector principle used to deliver cold water to a boiler against its own pressure, using its own live or exhaust steam, replacing any mechanical pump. When first developed, its operation was intriguing because it seemed paradoxical, almost like perpetual motion, but it was later explained using thermodynamics ...