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An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in industrial agriculture. Agrichemical typically refers to biocides (pesticides including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and nematicides) alongside synthetic fertilizers. It may also include hormones and other chemical growth agents.
2,4-D, an early synthetic herbicide inspired by the study of auxins, had a profound impact on crop yields, starting in the 1940s. Agricultural chemistry is the chemistry , especially organic chemistry and biochemistry , as they relate to agriculture .
Formulation terminology follows a 2-letter convention: (e.g. GR: granules) listed by CropLife International (formerly GIFAP then GCPF) in the Catalogue of Pesticide Formulation Types (Monograph 2); see: download page. Some manufacturers do not follow these industry standards, which can cause confusion for users.
Bacteria are ubiquitous, living in every possible habitat on the planet including soil, underwater, deep in Earth's crust and even such extreme environments as acidic hot springs and radioactive waste. [27] [28] There are thought to be approximately 2×10 30 bacteria on Earth, [29] forming a biomass that is only exceeded by plants. [30]
High G+C Gram-positive bacteria Bacillati "Bipolaricaulota" Hao et al. 2018 KB1 "Acetothermia" (OP1) "Fraserbacteria" (RIF31) Bacillati: Deinococcota: Weisburg, Giovannoni & Woes 2021 Bacillati "Margulisiibacteriota" corrig. Anantharaman et al. 2016 "Saganbacteria" Bacillati: Cyanobacteriota: Oren, Mares & Rippka 2022 Blue-green algae ...
MICROORGANISM TYPE ( Bacterium / Fungus ) FOOD / BEVERAGE Acetobacter aceti: bacterium: chocolate [1]Acetobacter aceti: bacterium: vinegar [2]Acetobacter cerevisiae
Nitrogen is an essential element needed for the creation of biomass and is usually seen as a limiting nutrient in agricultural systems. Though abundant in the atmosphere, the atmospheric form of nitrogen cannot be utilized by plants and must be transformed into a form that can be taken up directly by the plants; this problem is solved by biological nitrogen fixers.
Bacteria are responsible for the process of nitrogen fixation, which is the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen-containing compounds (such as ammonia) that can be used by plants. Autotrophic bacteria derive their energy by making their own food through oxidation, like the Nitrobacter species, rather than feeding on plants or other ...