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They can be given intravenously or by mouth, and the tablet forms exist in both long- and short-acting formulations. [7] Common side effects of valproate include nausea, vomiting, somnolence, and dry mouth. [7] Serious side effects can include liver failure, and regular monitoring of liver function tests is therefore recommended. [7]
The number of reported stressful events in childhood is higher in those with an adult diagnosis of bipolar spectrum disorder than in those without, particularly events stemming from a harsh environment rather than from the child's own behavior. [71] Acutely, mania can be induced by sleep deprivation in around 30% of people with bipolar disorder ...
Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life. It is the most extreme form of malnutrition.In humans, prolonged starvation can cause permanent organ damage [1] and eventually, death.
Ghrelin can be released if blood sugar levels dip too low—a condition called hypoglycemia that can result from long periods without eating. Stomach contractions from hunger can be especially severe and painful in children and young adults. [citation needed] Hunger pangs can be made worse by irregular meals.
Protein toxicity is the effect of the buildup of protein metabolic waste compounds, like urea, uric acid, ammonia, and creatinine.Protein toxicity has many causes, including urea cycle disorders, genetic mutations, excessive protein intake, and insufficient kidney function, such as chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury.
To carry out gene expression, a cell must control the coiling and uncoiling of DNA around histones.This is accomplished with the assistance of histone acetyl transferases (HAT), which acetylate the lysine residues in core histones leading to a less compact and more transcriptionally active euchromatin, and, on the converse, the actions of histone deacetylases (HDAC), which remove the acetyl ...
So, if you’re not staying on top of your water intake, you might find yourself feeling hungry when, really, your body’s in need of a glass of water (or two). Stress. We’ve all been there.
From or to a drug trade name: This is a redirect from (or to) the trade name of a drug to (or from) the international nonproprietary name (INN).