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A prospective payment system (PPS) is a term used to refer to several payment methodologies for which means of determining insurance reimbursement is based on a predetermined payment regardless of the intensity of the actual service provided. It includes a system for paying hospitals based on predetermined prices, from Medicare.
In 1982 the US Congress passed Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act with provisions to reform Medicare payment, and in 1983, an amendment was passed to use DRGs for Medicare, [7]: 16 with HCFA (now CMS) maintaining the definitions. In 1987, New York state passed legislation instituting DRG-based payments for all non-Medicare patients.
HCFA was renamed the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services on July 1, 2001. [9] [11] In 2013, a report by the inspector general found that CMS had paid $23 million in benefits to deceased beneficiaries in 2011. [12] In April 2014, CMS released raw claims data from 2012 that gave a look into what types of doctors billed Medicare the most. [13]
The payment system for the services provided by LTACHs is complex. Medicare reimburses for LTACH services through the Prospective Payment System (PPS). [3] Payments are based on an average patient length of stay in the LTACH of 25 days. LTACHs receive an adjusted DRG (Diagnosis-Related Group) payment for patients. [4]
The Inpatient Only (IPO) list is a list of Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes and descriptions that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) releases each year.
CMS sets fee schedules for medical services through Prospective Payment Systems (PPS) for inpatient care, outpatient care, and other services. [34] As the largest single purchaser of medical services in the U.S., Medicare's fixed pricing schedules have a significant impact on the market.
Case mix groups are used as the basis for the Health Insurance Prospective Payment System (HIPPS) rate codes used by Medicare in its prospective payment systems. [ 1 ] Case mix groups are designed to aggregate acute care inpatients that are similar clinically and in terms of resource use.
Using the 2005 Conversion Factor of $37.90, Medicare paid 1.57 * $37.90 for each 99213 performed, or $59.50. Most specialties charge 200–400% of Medicare rates for their procedures and collect between 50 and 80% of those charges, after contractual adjustments and write-offs. [citation needed]