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<iostream> contains the definition of basic_iostream class template, which implements formatted input and output, and includes <ios>, <istream> and <ostream>. <fstream> contains the definitions of basic_ifstream, basic_ofstream and basic_fstream class templates which implement formatted input, output and input/output on file streams.
The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number.
The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output.These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header <stdio.h>. [1] The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, [2] and officially became part of the Unix operating system in Version 7.
In computing, a namespace is a set of signs (names) that are used to identify and refer to objects of various kinds. A namespace ensures that all of a given set of objects have unique names so that they can be easily identified. Namespaces are commonly structured as hierarchies to allow reuse of names in different contexts.
#include <iostream> #include <string> int main {std:: string str = "hello world"; std:: cout << str;} Using << is equivalent to calling operator<< without the std:: qualifier. However, in this case, the overload of operator<< that works for string is in the std namespace, so ADL is required for it to be used.
#include <array> #include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <typeinfo> using namespace std; class A {public: // Since RTTI is included in the virtual method table there should be at // least one virtual function. virtual ~ A = default; void MethodSpecificToA {cout << "Method specific for A was invoked" << endl;}}; class B: public A {public ...
In the C++ programming language, seekg is a function in the fstream library (part of the standard library) that allows you to seek to an arbitrary position in a file. This function is defined for ifstream class - for ofstream class there's a similar function seekp (this is to avoid conflicts in case of classes that derive both istream and ostream, such as iostream).
It is similar in concept to using *& (reference to a pointer) in standard C++, and (in function declarations) corresponds to the ref keyword applied to types in C#, or ByRef in Visual Basic .NET. C++/CLI uses a ^% syntax to indicate a tracking reference to a handle. The following code shows an example of the use of tracking references.