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The Maginot Line (/ ˈ m æ ʒ ɪ n oʊ /; French: Ligne Maginot [liɲ maʒino]), [a] [1] named after the French Minister of War André Maginot, is a line of concrete fortifications, obstacles and weapon installations built by France in the 1930s to deter invasion by Nazi Germany and force them to move around the fortifications.
The Modane end of the Fréjus Tunnel was blown up by the retreating Germans, leaving a tilted blockhouse by the railway line, now known as the "Tilted House." [ 10 ] Saint-Gobain had suffered little damage during the war and by the end of 1944 was partly repaired and placed into service.
GFM Type A cloche at Ouvrage Molvange Interior of a GFM cloche, looking upward at the Abri de Hatten GFM Type B cloche at Ouvrage Schoenenbourg. The GFM cloche was one of the most common defensive armaments on the Maginot Line. A cloche (bell) was a fixed and non-retractable firing position made of a thick iron casting which shielded its ...
In the 16th century the House of Savoy built a fortification in Sainte-Agnès, which was a strategic location between the Counts of Provence and Genoa. The fortress saw actions between the French and the Sardinians, becoming a possession of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia between 1814 and 1860 before returning to France.
The Little Maginot Line (click to enlarge). Numbers on the map correspond with the list below. This is the list of all ouvrages of the Alpine Line or Little Maginot Line along the Franco-Italian border, organized by sector and type of fortification.
A change in the design philosophy was noticeable in the "pillboxes" and larger blockhouses similar to the French Maginot line when the massive construction program began in 1936. The original plan was to have the first stage of construction finished in 1941–1942, whilst the full system should have been completed by the early 1950s.
Here is the list of all ouvrages of the Maginot Line, organized by sector and type of fortification. Ouvrage translates as "works" in English: published documents in both English and French refer to these fortifications in this manner, rather than as "forts".
C. Camp du Ban-Saint-Jean; Ouvrage Cap Martin; Casemate du Grand-Lot; Ouvrage Castillon; Ouvrage Cave-à-Canon; Ouvrage Champ de Tir; Ouvrage Chatelard; Ouvrage Chesnois