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First, the async keyword indicates to C# that the method is asynchronous, meaning that it may use an arbitrary number of await expressions and will bind the result to a promise. [1]: 165–168 The return type, Task<T>, is C#'s analogue to the concept of a promise, and here is indicated to have a result value of type int.
As a precursor to the lambda functions introduced in C# 3.0, C#2.0 added anonymous delegates. These provide closure-like functionality to C#. [3] Code inside the body of an anonymous delegate has full read/write access to local variables, method parameters, and class members in scope of the delegate, excepting out and ref parameters.
Like in C and C++ there are functions that group reusable code. The main difference is that functions, just like in Java, have to reside inside of a class. A function is therefore called a method. A method has a return value, a name and usually some parameters initialized when it is called with some arguments.
The C# language does not allow for global variables or functions. All methods and members must be declared within classes. Static members of public classes can substitute for global variables and functions. Local variables cannot shadow variables of the enclosing block, unlike C and C++.
Inner classes became a feature of the Java programming language starting with version 1.1. Nested classes are also a feature of the D programming language, Visual Basic .NET, Ruby, C++ and C#. In Python, it is possible to nest a class within another class, method or function.
When a function is attached as a property of an object and called as a method of that object (e.g. obj.f(x)), this will refer to the object that the function is contained within. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] It is even possible to manually specify this when calling a function, by using the .call() or .apply() methods of the function object. [ 16 ]
The following REBOL/Red code demonstrates callback use. As alert requires a string, form produces a string from the result of calculate; The get-word! values (i.e., :calc-product and :calc-sum) trigger the interpreter to return the code of the function rather than evaluate with the function. The datatype! references in a block!
The implementation in the subclass overrides (replaces) the implementation in the superclass by providing a method that has same name, same parameters or signature, and same return type as the method in the parent class. [2] The version of a method that is executed will be determined by the object that is used to invoke it. If an object of a ...