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Arachnoiditis is a chronic disorder with no known cure, [25] and prognosis may be difficult to determine because of an unclear correlation between the beginning of the disease or source and the appearance of symptoms.
The inflammatory mediators of RA including cytokines, growth factors, metalloproteinases destroy articular cartilage, subchondral bone, tendons and ligaments.Destructive synovitis leads to bone erosion and causes the ligaments of the spine to become too laxed (loose), eventually resulting in cervical spinal instability (loose neck bones).
In a radiculopathy, the problem occurs at or near the root of the nerve, shortly after its exit from the spinal cord. However, the pain or other symptoms often radiate to the part of the body served by that nerve. For example, a nerve root impingement in the neck can produce pain and weakness in the forearm.
The disorder is sometimes called chronic relapsing polyneuropathy (CRP) or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (because it involves the nerve roots). [2] CIDP is closely related to Guillain–Barré syndrome and it is considered the chronic counterpart of that acute disease. [ 3 ]
Such severe spinal stenosis symptoms are virtually absent in lumbar stenosis, however, as the spinal cord terminates at the top end of the adult lumbar spine, with only nerve roots (cauda equina) continuing further down. [15] Cervical spinal stenosis is a condition involving narrowing of the spinal canal at the level of the neck.
These disorders affect the brain, spinal cord, and nerve networks, presenting unique diagnosis, treatment, and patient care challenges. At their core, they represent disruptions to the intricate communication systems within the nervous system , stemming from genetic predispositions, environmental factors, infections, structural abnormalities ...
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a serious condition of the spinal cord. [3] [5] Symptoms include rapid onset of arm or leg weakness and decreased reflexes. [3]Difficulty moving the eyes, speaking, or swallowing may also occur. [3]
Craniocervical instability is more common in people with a connective tissue disease, including Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, [1] osteogenesis imperfecta, and rheumatoid arthritis. [2] It is frequently co-morbid with atlanto-axial joint instability, Chiari malformation , [ 3 ] or tethered spinal cord syndrome .