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The Irish Free State (6 December 1922 – 29 December 1937), also known by its Irish name Saorstát Éireann (English: / ˌ s ɛər s t ɑː t ˈ ɛər ə n / SAIR-staht AIR-ən, [4] Irish: [ˈsˠiːɾˠsˠt̪ˠaːt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]), was a state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921.
Just prior to the outbreak of the Irish Civil War in March 1922, the Freeman's Journal printing machinery was destroyed by Anti-Treaty IRA men under Rory O'Connor for its support of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. It did not resume publication until after the outbreak of civil war, when the Irish Free State re-asserted its authority over the country.
The Geographical Journal is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). It publishes papers covering research on all aspects of geography. It also publishes shorter Commentary papers and Review Essays. [1]
Until 1933, Article 66 of the Constitution of the Irish Free State permitted appeals of decisions of the Supreme Court of the Irish Free State [n 1] to be made to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) in London. [2] [3] This was a requirement of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921, which underpinned the creation of the Irish Free State.
Members of the committee are based in most of the geography departments of Irish universities. A majority of geography academics across the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland are members of the GSI, and many contribute continually to the internationally renowned peer-reviewed journal Irish Geography.
The 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty (Irish: An Conradh Angla-Éireannach), commonly known in Ireland as The Treaty and officially the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was an agreement between the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the government of the Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of Independence. [2]
A map showing the border between the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland, which was fixed in 1921 and confirmed in 1925. The Irish Boundary Commission (Irish: Coimisiún na Teorann) [1] met in 1924–25 to decide on the precise delineation of the border between the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland.
Constitutionalism in Ireland, 1932–1938: National, Commonwealth, and International Perspectives. Springer. ISBN 978-331976237-1. Mansergh, Nicholas (2007) [1934]. The Irish Free State - Its Government and Politics. Read. ISBN 978-140672035-8 – via Internet Archive