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The retromandibular vein (temporomaxillary vein, posterior facial vein) is a major vein of the face. It is formed within the parotid gland by the confluence of the maxillary vein, and superficial temporal vein. It descends in the gland and splits into two branches upon emerging from the gland.
From its origin it runs obliquely downward and backward, beneath the zygomaticus major muscle and zygomatic head of the levator labii superioris, descends along the anterior border and then on the superficial surface of the masseter, crosses over the body of the mandible, and passes obliquely backward, beneath the platysma and cervical fascia, superficial to the submandibular gland, the ...
The gland has three borders – anterior, medial, and posterior. The parotid gland has two ends – a superior end in the form of a small superior surface and an inferior end (apex). A number of different structures pass through the gland. From lateral to medial, these are: Facial nerve; Retromandibular vein; External carotid artery
The facial vein usually unites with the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, which crosses the external carotid artery and enters the internal jugular vein at a variable point below the hyoid bone.
The infratemporal fossa is an irregularly shaped cavity that is a part of the skull.It is situated below and medial to the zygomatic arch.It is not fully enclosed by bone in all directions.
The maxillary vein or internal maxillary vein is a vein of the head.It is a short trunk which accompanies (the first part of) the maxillary artery.It is formed by a confluence of the veins of the pterygoid plexus.
Diagram showing left medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. Part of the zygomatic arch and the ramus of the mandible have been cut away. The pterygomandibular space lies between the lateral surface of medial pterygoid and the medial surface of the mandibular ramus.
The superficial temporal vein terminates within the substance of the parotid gland [citation needed] by uniting with the maxillary vein to form the retromandibular vein. [ 1 ] : 364 Structure