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Solid ethane exists in several modifications. [12] On cooling under normal pressure, the first modification to appear is a plastic crystal, crystallizing in the cubic system. In this form, the positions of the hydrogen atoms are not fixed; the molecules may rotate freely around the long axis.
The commonly known phases solid, liquid and vapor are separated by phase boundaries, i.e. pressure–temperature combinations where two phases can coexist. At the triple point, all three phases can coexist. However, the liquid–vapor boundary terminates in an endpoint at some critical temperature T c and critical pressure p c. This is the ...
This list is sorted by boiling point of gases in ascending order, but can be sorted on different values. "sub" and "triple" refer to the sublimation point and the triple point, which are given in the case of a substance that sublimes at 1 atm; "dec" refers to decomposition. "~" means approximately.
Liquid carbon dioxide is a type of liquid which is formed from highly compressed and cooled gaseous carbon dioxide. It does not form under atmospheric conditions. It only exists when the pressure is above 5.1 atm and the temperature is under 31.1 °C (88.0 °F) (temperature of critical point ) and above −56.6 °C (−69.9 °F) (temperature of ...
Another form of solid carbon dioxide observed at high pressure is an amorphous glass-like solid. [28] This form of glass, called carbonia, is produced by supercooling heated CO 2 at extreme pressures (40–48 GPa, or about 400,000 atmospheres) in a diamond anvil.
Carbon Solid C 0 Carbon Solid C 1.9 Carbon: Gas C 716.67 Carbon dioxide: Gas CO 2: −393.509 Carbon disulfide: Liquid CS 2: 89.41 Carbon disulfide: Gas CS 2: 116.7 Carbon monoxide: Gas CO −110.525 Carbonyl chloride Gas COCl 2: −218.8 Carbon dioxide (un–ionized) Aqueous CO 2 (aq) −419.26 Bicarbonate ion Aqueous HCO 3 – −689.93
Carbon dioxide density-pressure phase diagram. Figures 1 and 2 show two-dimensional projections of a phase diagram. In the pressure-temperature phase diagram (Fig. 1) the boiling curve separates the gas and liquid region and ends in the critical point, where the liquid and gas phases disappear to become a single supercritical phase.
Many gases can be put into a liquid state at normal atmospheric pressure by simple cooling; a few, such as carbon dioxide, require pressurization as well. Liquefaction is used for analyzing the fundamental properties of gas molecules (intermolecular forces), or for the storage of gases, for example: LPG, and in refrigeration and air conditioning.