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On many common platforms, this use of pointer punning can create problems if different pointers are aligned in machine-specific ways. Furthermore, pointers of different sizes can alias accesses to the same memory, causing problems that are unchecked by the compiler. Even when data size and pointer representation match, however, compilers can ...
Ping measures the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer that are echoed back to the source. The name comes from active sonar terminology that sends a pulse of sound and listens for the echo to detect objects under water. [1] Ping operates by means of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets.
The ICMP header starts after the IPv4 header and is identified by its protocol number, 1. [6] All ICMP packets have an eight-byte header and variable-sized data section. The first four bytes of the header have fixed format, while the last four bytes depend on the type and code of the ICMP packet.
#2-3 - Second Parameter (this has meaning in specific Control Types) #4-5 - Third Parameter (same) The first two bytes of the message body define the Ping Type, which can apparently [11] take six possible values. Type 0 - Clear Stream: Sent when the connection is established and carries no further data; Type 1 - Clear the Buffer. Type 2 ...
Paping (pronounced pah ping) is a computer network administration utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network and to measure the time it takes to connect to a specified port. The name is a play on the word ping, another computer network administration utility. Because ICMP can be used to identify the ...
The initial descriptor remains a listening descriptor, and accept() can be called again at any time with this socket, until it is closed. Communicating with the remote host with the API functions send() and recv(), as well as with the general-purpose functions write() and read(). Closing each socket that was opened after use with function close()
Each packet traveling through a SpaceWire network can use path addressing (source routing) or logical addressing or some combination. The router examines the first data character of the packet; when it indicates some specific port of the router, the router discards that routing character and sends the rest of the packet out that port. [10] [11 ...
Turbo coding is an iterated soft-decoding scheme that combines two or more relatively simple convolutional codes and an interleaver to produce a block code that can perform to within a fraction of a decibel of the Shannon limit.