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Another common definition uses a human body, standing upright, as a frame of reference. In that case, up is defined as the direction from feet to head, perpendicular to the surface of the Earth. In most cases, up is a directionally oriented position generally opposite to that of the pull of gravity.
The term antonym (and the related antonymy) is commonly taken to be synonymous with opposite, but antonym also has other more restricted meanings. Graded (or gradable) antonyms are word pairs whose meanings are opposite and which lie on a continuous spectrum (hot, cold).
The definition of orthograde posture can easily be derived from its roots “ortho-” meaning “upright” and “-grade” meaning “ascent.” This was true for the early Hominidae, whose transition to upright walking took place approximately six to seven million years ago evident in Orrorin tugenensis. [3]
Upright may refer to: Body relative direction, the geometrical orientation of a person etc. Upright, Australian drama; Upright Technologies, produces devices for improving posture; Uprights, the vertical posts of the goal structure used in various sports; Steering knuckle, an automotive suspension and steering part
Just as maps are normally oriented with north at the top, the standard body "map", or anatomical position, is that of the body standing upright, with the feet at shoulder width and parallel, toes forward. The upper limbs are held out to each side, and the palms of the hands face forward. [1] Using the standard anatomical position reduces confusion.
This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on. As part of defining and describing terms, the body is described through the use of anatomical planes and anatomical axes. The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether an organism is bipedal or quadrupedal.
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The description of the coronal plane applies to most animals as well as humans even though humans walk upright and the various planes are usually shown in the vertical orientation. [citation needed] The sternal plane (planum sternale) is a coronal plane which transects the front of the sternum. [1]