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Learned helplessness is the behavior exhibited by a subject after enduring repeated aversive stimuli beyond their control. It was initially thought to be caused by the subject's acceptance of their powerlessness, by way of their discontinuing attempts to escape or avoid the aversive stimulus, even when such alternatives are unambiguously presented.
His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical psychologists. [2] A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Seligman as the 31st most cited psychologist of the 20th century. [3] Seligman is the Zellerbach Family Professor of Psychology in the University of Pennsylvania's Department of Psychology.
Eleanor D. Brown is a clinical psychologist and an academic. She is a professor of psychology at West Chester University (WCU), where she directs the Early Childhood Cognition and Emotions Lab (ECCEL) and co-directs the Research on Equity via the Arts in Childhood (REACH) Lab. [1]
Overmier has conducted various studies on animal models and physiological impacts in animals. He explored the consequences of exposing dogs to inescapable shocks, observing a reliable disruption of their subsequent escape-avoidance responses in new situations suggesting that these disruptive effects constituted a state of Learned Helplessness. [40]
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This phrase lies in the category of what Dr. Danda calls “unilateral decision-making,” and it can accidentally undermine a child or teen’s confidence or independence. She adds that using the ...
Collectively, their research established that certain behaviors could be learned or unlearned, and these theories have been applied in a variety of contexts, including abnormal psychology. [4] Theories specifically applied to depression emphasize the reactions individuals have to their environment and how they develop adaptive or maladaptive ...
In both wars, context made it tricky to deal with moral challenges. What is moral in combat can at once be immoral in peacetime society. Shooting a child-warrior, for instance. In combat, eliminating an armed threat carries a high moral value of protecting your men. Back home, killing a child is grotesquely wrong.