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In the case of an integer, the variable definition is restricted to whole numbers only, and the range will cover every number within its range (including the maximum and minimum). For example, the range of a signed 16-bit integer variable is all the integers from −32,768 to +32,767.
It is required to be at least 16 bits, and is often smaller than a standard integer, but this is not required. [9] [10] A conforming program can assume that it can safely store values between −(2 15 −1) [11] and 2 15 −1, [12] but it may not assume that the range is not larger. In Java, a short is always a 16-bit integer.
The Java virtual machine's set of primitive data types consists of: [12] byte, short, int, long, char (integer types with a variety of ranges) float and double, floating-point numbers with single and double precisions; boolean, a Boolean type with logical values true and false; returnAddress, a value referring to an executable memory address ...
Between 2 52 =4,503,599,627,370,496 and 2 53 =9,007,199,254,740,992 the representable numbers are exactly the integers. For the next range, from 2 53 to 2 54, everything is multiplied by 2, so the representable numbers are the even ones, etc. Conversely, for the previous range from 2 51 to 2 52, the spacing is 0.5, etc.
A range check is a check to make sure a number is within a certain range; for example, to ensure that a value about to be assigned to a 16-bit integer is within the capacity of a 16-bit integer (i.e. checking against wrap-around).
When the ideal result of an integer operation is outside the type's representable range and the returned result is obtained by clamping, then this event is commonly defined as a saturation. Use varies as to whether a saturation is or is not an overflow. To eliminate ambiguity, the terms wrapping overflow [2] and saturating overflow [3] can be used.
Primitive wrapper classes are not the same thing as primitive types. Whereas variables, for example, can be declared in Java as data types double, short, int, etc., the primitive wrapper classes create instantiated objects and methods that inherit but hide the primitive data types, not like variables that are assigned the data type values.
Further, char must have the same numeric range as either signed char or unsigned char, but the choice of which depends on the platform. Integer literals can be made unsigned with U suffix. Compilers often issue a warning when comparisons are made between signed and unsigned numbers or when one is cast to the other. These are potentially ...