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The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the Middle Ages. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic rule .
This is a site of Christian pilgrimage built where Christian Roman authorities pinpointed the purported location of Jesus' burial and resurrection in Jerusalem in 325. [1] One of the objectives of the Crusades was to reclaim the Holy Sepulchre from Muslim rule. [2]
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291 that had the objective of reconquering Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule after the region had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate ...
Renewed interest in the period is comparatively recent, arising in the context of modern salafi propaganda calling for war on the Western "crusaders". [12]The term ṣalībiyyūn "crusader", a 19th-century loan translation from Western historiography, is now in common use as a pejorative; Salafi preacher Wagdy Ghoneim has used it interchangeably with naṣārā and masīḥiyyīn as a term for ...
Otto of Freising writes the first part of his Chronica sive Historia de duabus civitatibus covering the First Crusade and Crusade of 1101. [343] This contains the first reference to Prester John. [344] Map of the Second Crusade. 1147. 16 February. French forces meet in Étampes to discuss their route to the Holy Land. [345] 15 March.
The history of Jerusalem during the Early Muslim period covers the period between the capture of the city from the Byzantines by the Arab Muslim armies of the nascent Caliphate in 637–638 CE, and its conquest by the European Catholic armies of the First Crusade in 1099. Throughout this period, Jerusalem remained a largely Christian city with ...
More of a pilgrimage than a crusade, it did include the participation in military action, with the king's forces participation in the siege of Sidon. Accompanied by Áláskr Hani, Hámundr Thorvaldsson of Vatnsfjord, and Arni Fjöruskeiv. [76] This crusade marks the first time a European king visited the Holy Land.
The Muslim Army was quickly routed and pursued for twelve miles. [5] Saladin fled back to Cairo , reaching the city on 8 December, with only a tenth of his army. [ 2 ] Muslim historians considered Saladin's defeat to be so severe that it was only redeemed by his victory ten years later at the battles of Cresson and Hattin and the Siege of ...