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The Tanner Lectures on Human Values is a multi-university lecture series in the humanities, founded in 1978, at Clare Hall, Cambridge University, by the American scholar Obert Clark Tanner. [1] In founding the lecture, he defined their purpose as follows: [ 2 ]
3 Post-Conventional Social contract orientation: Everyone has a right to choose life, regardless of the law. The scientist has a right to fair compensation. Even if his wife is sick, it does not make his actions right. Universal human ethics: Saving a human life is a more fundamental value than the property rights of another person.
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Monotonicity M (Positive Association of Individual and Social Values), as in Arrow (1987, p. 125): For a given set of orderings with social ordering R, such that state x is socially preferred to state y, if the preference for x rises in some individual ordering(s) and falls in none, x is also socially preferred to y in the social ordering for ...
The term axiological ethics is sometimes used for the discipline studying this overlap, that is, the part of ethics that studies values. [179] The two disciplines are sometimes distinguished based on their focus: ethics is about moral behavior or what is right while value theory is about value or what is good . [ 180 ]
He also provides a platonist metaphysics of values, complementing the intuitive insight a priori into values. [6] John Niemeyer Findlay, a moral philosophy and metaphysics professor at Yale University, wrote Axiological Ethics in 1970. [3] Findlay's book is a modern historical account of academic discussion around axiological ethics.
The Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics is a 12-volume work (plus an index volume) edited by James Hastings, written between 1908 and 1921 and composed of entries by many contributors. It covers not only religious matters but thousands of ancillary topics as well, including folklore, myth, ritual, anthropology, psychology, etc.
There are two major methods for measuring these ten basic values: the Schwartz Value Survey [2] and the Portrait Values Questionnaire. [3] In value theory, individual values may align with, or conflict against one another, often visualised in a circular diagram where opposing poles indicate values that are in conflict.