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Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's syndrome or Asperger's, is a diagnostic label that has historically been used to describe a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. [5]
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11]
The person-first stance advocates for saying "people with disabilities" instead of "the disabled" or "a person who is deaf" instead of "a deaf person". [5] [6] [7] However, some advocate against this, saying it reflects a medical model of disability whereas "disabled person" is more appropriate and reflects the social model of disability. [8]
As shown in the chart above, 13.4% of Americans report having one or more disabilities, with the most common disability pertaining to mobility. Nearly 7% of Americans have conditions that prevent ...
The first four of these disorders are commonly called the autism spectrum disorders; the last disorder is much rarer, and is sometimes placed in the autism spectrum and sometimes not. [2] [3] There is a division among doctors on the use of the term PDD. [4] Many use the term PDD as a short way of saying PDD-NOS. [4]
A 2006 review questioned the common assumption that most children with autism have an intellectual disability. [51] It is possible that the association between an intellectual disability and autism is not because they usually have common causes, but because the presence of both makes it more likely that both will be diagnosed. [52]
Compared to neurotypicals, high-functioning autistics and people with Asperger's have a "disability" only in terms of the intuitive understanding of social interactions and differences in language processing. On the other side of the coin, and just as valid, is that neurotypicals have a "disability" compared to autistics in the area of ...
Asperger was investigating Asperger syndrome which, for various reasons, was not widely considered a separate diagnosis until 1981, [90] although both are now considered part of ASD. Leo Kanner of the Johns Hopkins Hospital first used autism in English to refer to classic autism when he introduced the label early infantile autism in a 1943 ...