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Calcitriol was identified as the active form of vitamin D in 1971 and the drug was approved for medical use in the United States in 1978. [7] It is available as a generic medication. [12] In 2022, it was the 254th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.
Indications [1] [2] [4] Major toxicities [1] [2] [4] [5] 1. Cytotoxic antineoplastics: 1.01 Nucleoside analogues: Azacitidine: SC, IV: DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and incorporates itself into RNA, hence inhibiting gene expression. [6] Myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia
Preferred drugs (and other treatments) are also referred to a "first line" or "primary" while others are called "second line", "third line" etc. [7] [8] A drug may be indicated as an "adjunct" or "adjuvant", added to a first line drug. [9] Off-label: Off-label indications are drugs that are used for medical indications that have not been ...
When used as drugs, the International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) end in -mab. The remaining syllables of the INNs, as well as the column Source, are explained in Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies. Types of monoclonal antibodies with other structures than naturally occurring antibodies.
These properties may be beneficial in people with intestinal malabsorption, obesity, or treated with certain other medications. [ 20 ] In 2016, the FDA approved a formulation of calcifediol (Rayaldee) 60 microgram daily as a prescription medication to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease .
Alfacalcidol (or 1-hydroxycholecalciferol) is an analogue of vitamin D used for supplementation in humans and as a poultry feed additive.. Alfacalcidol has a weaker impact on calcium metabolism [3] and parathyroid hormone levels [4] than calcitriol; but significant effects on the immune system, including regulatory T cells. [5]
Hydroxycarbamide is in the antineoplastic family of medications. It is believed to work by blocking the making of DNA. [4] Hydroxycarbamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1967. [4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [6] Hydroxycarbamide is available as a generic medication. [4]
SGLT2 inhibitors (also called gliflozins or flozins) are a class of medications that inhibit sodium-glucose transport proteins in the nephron (the functional units of the kidney), unlike SGLT1 inhibitors that perform a similar function in the intestinal mucosa.