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  2. Horizontal and vertical décalage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_and_Vertical...

    The ability to arrange rods in order of decreasing/increasing size is always acquired prior to the capacity to seriate according to weight. [6] A commonly cited example of vertical décalage "can be observed between the constitution of practical or sensorimotor space and that of representative space " [ 6 ] For example, at the age of 2, a child ...

  3. Similarity (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity_(geometry)

    To get D we can also compose in any order a rotation of –45° angle and a homothety of ratio ⁠. With " M " like "Mirror" and " I " like "Indirect", if M is the reflection with respect to line CW , then M D = I is the indirect similarity that transforms segment BF like D into segment CT , but transforms point E into B and point A into A itself.

  4. Forced perspective - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_perspective

    The subtended angle increases as the object moves closer to the lens. Two objects with different actual size have the same apparent size when they subtend the same angle. Similarly, two objects of the same actual size can have drastically varying apparent size when they are moved to different distances from the lens. [13]

  5. Painter's algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painter's_algorithm

    A fractal landscape being rendered using the painter's algorithm on an Amiga. The painter's algorithm (also depth-sort algorithm and priority fill) is an algorithm for visible surface determination in 3D computer graphics that works on a polygon-by-polygon basis rather than a pixel-by-pixel, row by row, or area by area basis of other Hidden-Surface Removal algorithms.

  6. Topos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topos

    Such a graph consists of two sets, an edge set and a vertex set, and two functions s,t between those sets, assigning to every edge e its source s(e) and target t(e). Grph is thus equivalent to the functor category Set C, where C is the category with two objects E and V and two morphisms s,t: E → V giving respectively the source and target of ...

  7. Curve of constant width - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curve_of_constant_width

    For every curve of constant width, the minimum enclosing circle of the curve and the largest circle that it contains are concentric, and the average of their diameters is the width of the curve. These two circles together touch the curve in at least three pairs of opposite points, but these points are not necessarily vertices. [13]

  8. Eulerian path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eulerian_path

    Following the edges in alphabetical order gives an Eulerian circuit/cycle. In graph theory, an Eulerian trail (or Eulerian path) is a trail in a finite graph that visits every edge exactly once (allowing for revisiting vertices). Similarly, an Eulerian circuit or Eulerian cycle is an Eulerian trail that starts and ends on the same vertex.

  9. Size–weight illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Size–weight_illusion

    The illusion occurs when a person underestimates the weight of a larger object (e.g. a box) when compared to a smaller object of the same mass.The illusion also occurs when the objects are not lifted against gravity, but accelerated horizontally, so it should be called a size-mass illusion. [6]