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The Ship Sarcophagus: a Phoenician ship carved on a sarcophagus, 2nd century AD. The theory of Phoenician discovery of the Americas suggests that the earliest Old World contact with the Americas was not with Columbus or Norse settlers, but with the Phoenicians (or, alternatively, other Semitic peoples) in the first millennium BC. [1]
The Phoenician state of Carthage minted gold staters in 350 BC bearing a pattern in the reverse exergue of the coins, which McMenamin initially interpreted as a map of the Mediterranean with the Americas shown to the west across the Atlantic. [105] [106] McMenamin later demonstrated that these coins found in America were modern forgeries. [107]
The islands were visited by the Phoenicians, the Greeks and the Carthaginians. According to the 1st century CE Roman author and philosopher Pliny the Elder, the archipelago was found to be uninhabited, but ruins of great buildings were seen. [1] This story may suggest that the islands were inhabited by other peoples prior to the Guanches.
In Tartessos region of southern Spain, the Tartessian culture was born around the 9th century B.C. as a result of hybridization between the Phoenician settlers and the local inhabitants. [ 36 ] The first textual account of the Phoenicians during the Iron Age comes from Assyrian King Tiglath-Pileser I , who recorded his campaign against the ...
Phoenician art was largely centered on ornamental objects, particularly jewelry, pottery, glassware, and reliefs. Large sculptures were rare; figurines were more common. Phoenician goods have been found from Spain and Morocco to Russia and Iraq; much of what is known about Phoenician art is based on excavations outside Phoenicia proper.
The history of Spain dates to contact between the pre-Roman peoples of the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula with the Greeks and Phoenicians. During Classical Antiquity , the peninsula was the site of multiple successive colonizations of Greeks, Carthaginians , and Romans.
These mobile people did not settle down in large villages, like their Neolithic predecessors, nor did they build massive structures like the megaliths constructed by earlier inhabitants of Europe.
Phoenician trade routes The Phoenicians were a people from the eastern Mediterranean who were mainly traders from the cities of Tyre , Sidon , and Byblos . They established many trading colonies around the Mediterranean Sea , including colonies in Spain. [ 2 ]