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Flap surgery is a technique essential to plastic and reconstructive surgery.A flap is defined as tissue that can be moved to another site and has its own blood supply.This is in comparison to a skin graft which does not have its own blood supply and relies on vascularization from the recipient site. [2]
The flap is incised and elevated over the periosteum from distal to proximal. [1] The flap consists of skin, subcutaneous tissue, fat and frontalis muscle and is not thinned. When reaching the brow, all of the skin borders are incised and the flap is carefully released. [1] The full-thickness flap is then sutured into the defect without tension.
Pharyngeal flap procedures. Posterior pharyngeal flap surgery is the most commonly used operation to restore velopharyngeal competence (i.e., develop a functional seal between the vocal and the oral cavity), and therefore correct hypernasality and nasal air escape (Ysunza et al., 2002). Posterior pharyngeal flaps can be based superiorly or ...
A Gundersen flap, also known as Gundersen's flap, Gundersen's conjunctival flap, or conjunctivoplasty, and often misspelled Gunderson, is a surgical procedure for correcting corneal disease. It involves excising a damaged section of cornea, and replacing it with a section (or "flap") of the patient's own conjunctiva .
Free flap. The terms free flap, free autologous tissue transfer and microvascular free tissue transfer are synonymous terms used to describe the "transplantation" of tissue from one site of the body to another, in order to reconstruct an existing defect. "Free" implies that the tissue is completely detached from its blood supply at the original ...
The Eloesser flap is a surgical procedure developed by Dr. Leo Eloesser in 1935 at the San Francisco General Hospital. [1] It was originally intended to aid with drainage of tuberculous empyemas, since at the time there were no effective medications to treat tuberculosis. The procedure was used extensively [2] until the development of effective ...
Perforator flap surgery is a technique used in reconstructive surgery where skin and/or subcutaneous fat are removed from a distant or adjacent part of the body to reconstruct the excised part. [1] The vessels that supply blood to the flap are isolated perforator (s) derived from a deep vascular system through the underlying muscle or ...
Periodontal surgery is a form of dental surgery that prevents or corrects anatomical, traumatic, developmental, or plaque -induced defects in the bone, gingiva, or alveolar mucosa. [1] The objectives of this surgery include accessibility of instruments to the root surface, elimination of inflammation, creation of an oral environment for plaque ...