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The term "segmentation" has various uses in computing; in the context of "segmentation fault", it refers to the address space of a program. [6] With memory protection, only the program's own address space is readable, and of this, only the stack and the read/write portion of the data segment of a program are writable, while read-only data ...
Core dumps can save the context (state) of a process at a given state for returning to it later. Systems can be made highly available by transferring core between processors, sometimes via core dump files themselves. Core can also be dumped onto a remote host over a network (which is a security risk). [11]
On x86 there exists an older memory management mechanism known as segmentation. If the application loads a segment register with the selector of a non-present segment (which under POSIX-compliant OSes can only be done with assembly language), the exception is generated. Some OSes used that for swapping, but under Linux this generates SIGBUS.
Another Segfault story, "Microsoft Supercomputer Discovers New Integer Between 5 and 6", [4] reported the following: Scientists at Microsoft's new MS-NeatStuff (tm) lab announced today that they have discovered a previously unknown integer, sitting about 2/3 of the way between the integers 5 and 6.
The operating system delays loading parts of the program from disk until the program attempts to use it and the page fault is generated. If the page is not loaded in memory at the time of the fault, then it is called a major or hard page fault. The page fault handler in the OS needs to find a free location: either a free page in memory, or a ...
CS32 (Computational Thinking and Problem Solving), taught by Michael D. Smith, [29] is an alternative to CS50 but does not have a free online version. [30] The next course in sequence after CS32 or CS50 is CS51: Abstraction and Design in Computation, instructed by Stuart M. Shieber with Brian Yu as co-instructor. [31]
[1] The choice of segment is normally defaulted by the processor according to the function being executed. Instructions are always fetched from the code segment. Any stack push or pop or any data reference referring to the stack uses the stack segment. All other references to data use the data segment.
If the VirtualBox Debugger is open, a message is printed indicating a Triple fault has occurred, followed by a register dump and disassembly of the last instruction executed, similar to the output of the rg debugger command. When using Intel VT-x, a triple fault causes a VM exit, with exit reason 2. The exit reason is saved to the VMCS and may ...