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In jazz, the altered scale, altered dominant scale, or super-Locrian scale (Locrian ♭ 4 scale) is a seven-note scale that is a dominant scale where all non-essential tones have been altered. This means that it comprises the three irreducibly essential tones that define a dominant seventh chord , which are root, major third, and minor seventh ...
By the broadest definition, any chord with a non-diatonic chord tone is an altered chord. The simplest example of altered chords is the use of borrowed chords, chords borrowed from the parallel key, and the most common is the use of secondary dominants. As Alfred Blatter explains, "An altered chord occurs when one of the standard, functional ...
In contrast, in the chord-scale system, a different scale is used for each chord in the progression (for example mixolydian scales on A, E, and D for chords A 7, E 7, and D 7, respectively). [5] Improvisation approaches may be mixed, such as using "the blues approach" for a section of a progression and using the chord-scale system for the rest. [6]
Diminished major seventh chords are very dissonant, containing the dissonant intervals of the tritone and the major seventh.They are frequently encountered, especially in jazz, as a diminished seventh chord with an appoggiatura [citation needed], especially when the melody has the leading note of the given chord: the ability to resolve this dissonance smoothly to a diatonic triad with the same ...
If the original chord in a song is G7 (G, B, D, F), the tritone substitution would be D ♭ 7 (D ♭, F, A ♭, C ♭). Note that the 3rd and 7th notes of the G7 chord are found in the D ♭ 7 chord (albeit with a change of role). The tritone substitution is widely used for V7 chords in the popular jazz chord progression "ii-V-I".
Diminished seventh chords may also be rooted on scale degrees other than the leading-tone, either as secondary function chords temporarily borrowed from other keys, or as appoggiatura chords: a chord rooted on the raised second scale degree (D ♯ –F ♯ –A–C in the key of C) acts as an appoggiatura to the tonic (C major) chord, and one ...
Alternative variants are easy from this tuning, but because several chords inherently omit the lowest string, it may leave some chords relatively thin or incomplete with the top string missing (the D chord, for instance, must be fretted 5-4-3-2-3 to include F#, the tone a major third above D). Baroque guitar standard tuning – a–D–g–b–e
Since it is the dominant chord a tritone away, the substitute dominant may resolve down a fifth, to a tonic chord a tritone away from the previous tonic (for example, in F one may feature a ii–V on C, which with a substitute dominant resolves to G ♭, a distant key from F). Resolution from the substituted chord to the original tonic is also ...