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The Cascade Range or Cascades is a major mountain range of western North America, extending from southern British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to Northern California. It includes both non-volcanic mountains, such as many of those in the North Cascades , and the notable volcanoes known as the High Cascades .
The Ecology of the North Cascades is heavily influenced by the high elevation and rain shadow effects of the mountain range. The North Cascades is a section of the Cascade Range from the South Fork of the Snoqualmie River in Washington, United States, to the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers in British Columbia, Canada, where the range is officially called the Cascade Mountains but ...
The Southern Cascades ecoregion is lower in elevation and less rugged than the surrounding regions and is characterized by gently sloping mountains and broad valleys. Elevation varies from 1,400 to 5,300 feet (430 to 1,620 m). The climate is drier than other parts of the Cascades, and the vegetation reflects the long summer drought.
In 1892, President Grover Cleveland decided to create the Cascades Forest Reserve, based on the authority of the Forest Reserve Act of 1891. [90] Cascades Reserve was a strip of land from 20 to 60 mi (30 to 100 km) wide around the main crest of the Cascade Range, stretching from the Columbia River almost to the border with California. [91]
The life zone concept was developed by C. Hart Merriam in 1889 as a means of describing areas with similar plant and animal communities. Merriam observed that the changes in these communities with an increase in latitude at a constant elevation are similar to the changes seen with an increase in elevation at a constant latitude.
This roughly follows Beckey's geologic division in Cascade Alpine Guide [3] and the definition used by Peakbagger.com. [4] Sometimes the southern boundary is defined by Snoqualmie Pass and the approximate route of Interstate 90. [5] Sometimes the term "North Cascades" or "northern Cascades" is used for the entire range north of the Columbia ...
The region was volcanically active from approximately 35 to 17 million years ago. The province is characterized as an older, deeply eroded volcanic range lying west of the more recent High Cascades. The Western Cascades range in elevation from 1,700 feet (520 m) on the western margin to 5,800 feet (1,800 m) on the eastern margin.
Mount Shasta (northern California) — second highest peak in the Cascades. Can be seen in the Sacramento Valley as far as 140 mi (230 km) away, as it is a dominating feature of the region. Lassen Peak (south of Mount Shasta) — southernmost volcano in the Cascades and the most easily climbed peak in the Cascades. It erupted from 1914 to 1921 ...