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A suppository is a dosage form used to deliver medications by insertion into a body orifice (any opening in the body), where it dissolves or melts to exert local or systemic effects. There are three types of suppositories, each to insert into a different sections: rectal suppositories into the rectum , vaginal suppositories into the vagina ...
Many oral forms of medications can be crushed and suspended in water to be given via a rectal catheter. The rectal route of administration is useful for patients with any digestive tract motility problem, such as dysphagia , ileus , or bowel obstruction , that would interfere with the progression of the medication through the tract.
Examples: glycerin suppositories (Hallens), sorbitol, lactulose, and polyethylene glycol (PEG - Colyte, MiraLax) [12] Lactulose works by the osmotic effect, which retains water in the colon; lowering the pH through bacterial fermentation to lactic, formic, and acetic acids; and increasing colonic peristalsis.
Sodium lauryl sulfoacetate improves the wetting and penetrating abilities of the solution, sorbitol enhances the water-releasing effect of sodium citrate and glycerol helps to lubricate the stool. The combined action helps to soften hard stools and relieve constipation without straining in a very short period of time ~ 15 min. [ 9 ]
A rudimentary form of "dry" enema is the use of a non-medicated glycerin suppository. [1] However, due to the relative hardness of the suppository – necessary for its insertion into the human body – before glycerin can act, it must be melted by the heat of the body, and hence it does not take effect for up to an hour.
Triglyceride 3 NaOH / H 2 O Δ 3 × soap 3 × glycerol Triglycerides can be saponified with sodium hydroxide to give glycerol and fatty sodium salt or soap. Typical plant sources include soybeans or palm. Animal-derived tallow is another source. From 2000 to 2004, approximately 950,000 tons per year were produced in the United States and Europe; 350,000 tons of glycerol were produced in the U ...
The dies contain recesses in the desired size and shape, which cut out the ribbons into a two-dimensional shape, and form a seal around the outside. At the same time a pump delivers a precise dose of fill material through a nozzle incorporated into a filling wedge whose tip sits between the two ribbons in between two die pockets at the point of ...
[9] [3] It is classified as an osmotic laxative: [4] It works by increasing the amount of water in the stool. [5] Macrogol came into use as a bowel prep in 1980 and was approved for medical use in the United States in 1999. [10] [11] [12] It is available as a generic medication and over the counter.