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A digital delay line (or simply delay line, also called delay filter) is a discrete element in a digital filter, which allows a signal to be delayed by a number of samples. Delay lines are commonly used to delay audio signals feeding loudspeakers to compensate for the speed of sound in air, and to align video signals with accompanying audio ...
For example, the LMS (Least Means Square) algorithm in the context of the usual tapped-delay-line digital adaptive filter (see below) leads to: W k+1 = W k - μz k R k = W k - μz k N r,k. where the vector W k represents the set of filter weights at the k th iteration and the vector R k represents the last set of samples of the reference which ...
A direct form discrete-time FIR filter of order N.The top part is an N-stage delay line with N + 1 taps. Each unit delay is a z −1 operator in Z-transform notation. A lattice-form discrete-time FIR filter of order N.
One example of an analog delay line is a bucket-brigade device. [1] Other types of delay line include acoustic (usually ultrasonic), magnetostrictive, and surface acoustic wave devices. A series of resistor–capacitor circuits (RC circuits) can be cascaded to form a delay. A long transmission line can also provide a delay element. The delay ...
Feedforward comb filter structure in discrete time. The general structure of a feedforward comb filter is described by the difference equation: [] = [] + []where is the delay length (measured in samples), and α is a scaling factor applied to the delayed signal.
The analog canceller should contribute at least 60 dB of cancellation. The digital canceller must process both linear and non-linear signal components, producing about 50 dB of cancellation. Both the analog and digital cancellers consist of a number of “taps” composed of attenuators, phase shifters, and delay elements.
The delay line may be realized with a physical delay line (such as an LC network or a transmission line). In contrast to a Phase-shift oscillator in which LC components are lumped, the capacitances and inductances are distributed through the length of the delay line. A ring oscillator uses a delay line formed from the gate delay of a cascade of ...
To capture most of this traffic, even when it is moving almost tangentially through the radar (i.e., perpendicular to the radar-target line), a system must have the ability to detect very slow radial velocities. As the radial component of a target's velocity approaches zero, the target will fall into the clutter or blind zone.