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  2. Intersecting chords theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersecting_chords_theorem

    In Euclidean geometry, the intersecting chords theorem, or just the chord theorem, is a statement that describes a relation of the four line segments created by two intersecting chords within a circle. It states that the products of the lengths of the line segments on each chord are equal. It is Proposition 35 of Book 3 of Euclid 's Elements.

  3. Angle bisector theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_bisector_theorem

    The angle bisector theorem states that the ratio of the length of the line segment BD to the length of segment CD is equal to the ratio of the length of side AB to the length of side AC: and conversely, if a point D on the side BC of ABC divides BC in the same ratio as the sides AB and AC, then AD is the angle bisector of angle ∠ A.

  4. Congruence (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruence_(geometry)

    Congruence permits alteration of some properties, such as location and orientation, but leaves others unchanged, like distances and angles. The unchanged properties are called invariants. In geometry, two figures or objects are congruent if they have the same shape and size, or if one has the same shape and size as the mirror image of the other.

  5. Chord (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord_(geometry)

    Chord (geometry) A chord (from the Latin chorda, meaning "bowstring") of a circle is a straight line segment whose endpoints both lie on a circular arc. If a chord were to be extended infinitely on both directions into a line, the object is a secant line. The perpendicular line passing through the chord's midpoint is called sagitta (Latin for ...

  6. Inscribed angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inscribed_angle

    The inscribed angle θ circle. In geometry, an inscribed angle is the angle formed in the interior of a circle when two chords intersect on the circle. It can also be defined as the angle subtended at a point on the circle by two given points on the circle. Equivalently, an inscribed angle is defined by two chords of the circle sharing an endpoint.

  7. Tangent lines to circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_lines_to_circles

    In Euclidean plane geometry, a tangent line to a circle is a line that touches the circle at exactly one point, never entering the circle's interior. Tangent lines to circles form the subject of several theorems, and play an important role in many geometrical constructions and proofs. Since the tangent line to a circle at a point P is ...

  8. Ptolemy's table of chords - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy's_table_of_chords

    For tiny arcs, the chord is to the arc angle in degrees as π is to 3, or more precisely, the ratio can be made as close as desired to ⁠ π / 3 ⁠ ≈ 1.047 197 55 by making θ small enough. Thus, for the arc of ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ °, the chord length is slightly more than the arc angle in degrees. As the arc increases, the ratio of the chord to ...

  9. Power of a point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_of_a_point

    In elementary plane geometry, the power of a point is a real number that reflects the relative distance of a given point from a given circle. It was introduced by Jakob Steiner in 1826. [1] Specifically, the power of a point with respect to a circle with center and radius is defined by. If is outside the circle, then , if is on the circle, then ...

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