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Prussia (Prussian: Prūsa; Polish: Prusy ⓘ; Lithuanian: Prūsija; Russian: Пруссия [ˈprusʲ(ː)ɪjə] ⓘ; German: Preußen [ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ; Latin: Pruthenia/ Prussia / Borussia) is a historical region in Central Europe on the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, that ranges from the Vistula delta in the west to the end of the Curonian Spit in the east and extends inland as far ...
The Kingdom of Prussia [a] (German: Königreich Preußen, pronounced [ˈkøːnɪkʁaɪç ˈpʁɔʏsn̩] ⓘ) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918. [5] It was the driving force behind the unification of Germany in 1866 and was the leading state of the German Empire until its dissolution in 1918. [5]
As a result of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, the Second Polish Republic was granted not only these two areas, but also areas with a German majority in the province of West Prussia. After World War II, East Prussia, most of Pomerania and Silesia, and the eastern part of Brandenburg were either annexed by the Soviet Union or given to Poland ...
In 1166, two Polish dukes, Bolesław IV and his younger brother Henry, came into Prussia, again over the Ossa River. The prepared Prussians led the Polish army, under the leadership of Henry, into an area of marshy morass. Whoever did not drown was felled by an arrow or by throwing clubs, and nearly all Polish troops perished.
He also compared the Polish peasants unfavorably with the Iroquois, [11] and named three of his new Prussian settlements after colonial areas of North America: Florida, Philadelphia and Saratoga. [16] The Poles remaining in the territories were to be Germanized. [8] The Polish language was marginalized. [26]
The Province of Posen (German: Provinz Posen; Polish: Prowincja Poznańska) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1848 to 1920, occupying most of the historical Greater Poland. The province was established following the Poznań Uprising of 1848 as a successor to the Grand Duchy of Posen , which in turn was annexed by Prussia in 1815 ...
Provinces of Prussia in the German Confederation, 1818. The German Confederation was established at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and the Kingdom of Prussia was a member until the dissolution in 1866 following the Austro-Prussian War. The Prussian state was initially subdivided into ten provinces.
[5] [6] [7] Royal Prussia retained its autonomy, governing itself and maintaining its own laws, customs, rights and German language for the German minority and Polish language for the Polish majority. [8] [9] In 1569, Royal Prussia was fully integrated into the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and its autonomy was largely abolished. [10]