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Sinfonia (IPA: [siɱfoˈniːa]; plural sinfonie) is the Italian word for symphony, from the Latin symphonia, in turn derived from Ancient Greek συμφωνία symphōnia (agreement or concord of sound), from the prefix σύν (together) and ϕωνή (sound).
The opera sinfonia, or Italian overture had, by the 18th century, a standard structure of three contrasting movements: fast, slow, fast and dance-like. It is this form that is often considered as the direct forerunner of the orchestral symphony.
Sinfonia (Underworld): reprise Orfeo Possente spirto e formidabil nume ("Mighty spirit and powerful divinity") With ritornelli Caronte Ben mi lusinga alquanto ("Much I am flattered") Orfeo Ahi, sventurato amante ("Ah, unhappy lover that I am") In two sections; the Underworld sinfonia plays at the end of each section
In Italian opera after about 1800, the "overture" became known as the sinfonia. [54] Fisher also notes the term Sinfonia avanti l'opera (literally, the "symphony before the opera") was "an early term for a sinfonia used to begin an opera, that is, as an overture as opposed to one serving to begin a later section of the work". [54]
In Italian opera after about 1800, the "overture" became known as the sinfonia. [11] Fisher also notes the term Sinfonia avanti l'opera (literally, the "symphony before the opera") was "an early term for a sinfonia used to begin an opera, that is, as an overture as opposed to one serving to begin a later section of the work". [11]
Later, to avoid confusion with other types of sinfonia/symphony, the term Italian overture was used more frequently. The structure of the Italian overture/sinfonia was the base from which the classical multi-movement cycle - used in genres including the symphony , concerto , and sonata - developed around the middle of the 18th century.
Leonardo Vinci (1690–1730), Italian composer known for opera, but writer of a sinfonia for strings. Giuseppe Tartini (1692–1770), Italian composer of a sinfonia in A. Christoph Förster (1693–1745), German composer of at least 15 symphonies; Johan Helmich Roman (1694–1758), Swedish composer of at least 21 symphonies
– Sinfonia No.1 in F Major – Sinfonia No.2 in D Major – Sinfonia No.3 in D Major – Sinfonia No.4 in D Major – Sinfonia No.5 in D Major – Sinfonia No.6 in E Major – Sinfonia No.7 in F Major – Sinfonia No.8 in G Major – Sinfonia No.9 in F Major About 18 Sinfonias total, some doubtful works – Flute Concerto, in G major ...