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Plant perception is the ability of plants to sense and respond to the environment by adjusting their morphology and physiology. [1] Botanical research has revealed that plants are capable of reacting to a broad range of stimuli, including chemicals, gravity, light, moisture, infections, temperature, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, parasite infestation, disease, physical disruption ...
In plant biology, thigmotropism is a directional growth movement which occurs as a mechanosensory response to a touch stimulus. Thigmotropism is typically found in twining plants and tendrils, however plant biologists have also found thigmotropic responses in flowering plants and fungi. This behavior occurs due to unilateral growth inhibition. [1]
Some plants show contact angles up to 160° and are called ultrahydrophobic, meaning that only 2–3% of the surface of a droplet (of typical size) is in contact. Plants with a double structured surface like the lotus can reach a contact angle of 170°, whereby the droplet's contact area is only 0.6%. All this leads to a self-cleaning effect.
Tropisms are usually named for the stimulus involved; for example, a phototropism is a movement to the light source, and an anemotropism is the response and adaptation of plants to the wind. [2] Tropisms occur in three sequential steps. First, there is a sensation to a stimulus. Next, signal transduction occurs. And finally, the directional ...
It has been suggested that this growth behavior is beneficial because in most natural environments, soil closer to the ground's surface is warmer in temperature, while deeper soil is cooler. [ 9 ] Experimentation with maize has demonstrated the existence of thermotropic responses in roots, with stronger responses seen when the thermal gradient ...
The most common biologically active haptotactic surface is the extracellular matrix (ECM); the presence of bound ligands is responsible for induction of transendothelial migration and angiogenesis. Necrotaxis embodies a special type of chemotaxis when the chemoattractant molecules are released from necrotic or apoptotic cells.
Plant intelligence (also known as plant cognition or plant neurobiology) is a field of plant biology which aims to understand how plants process the information they obtain from their environment. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Plant neurobiological researchers claim that plants possess abilities associated with cognition including anticipation, decision ...
Shade avoidance is a set of responses that plants display when they are subjected to the shade of another plant. It often includes elongation, altered flowering time, increased apical dominance and altered partitioning of resources. This set of responses is collectively called the shade-avoidance syndrome (SAS).