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Iranica also estimated 25% of Afghanistan natively speaking Dari [18] but also categorized varieties of Persian spoken in central Afghanistan as different languages as Dari, and gave no estimates to the percentage of non-Dari Persian speakers. Iranica also made no reference to how many ethnic Pashtuns spoke Dari as their first language.
Persian is a member of the Western Iranian group of the Iranian languages, which make up a branch of the Indo-European languages in their Indo-Iranian subdivision.The Western Iranian languages themselves are divided into two subgroups: Southwestern Iranian languages, of which Persian is the most widely spoken, and Northwestern Iranian languages, of which Kurdish and Balochi are the most widely ...
The language was brought into the region by various Turkic, Persian and Afghan dynasties, in particular the Turko-Afghan Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Dynasty. Persian held official status in the court and the administration within these empires and it heavily influenced many of the local languages, particularly Urdu and to some extent modern ...
"New Persian" is the name given to the final stage of development of Persian language. The term Persian is an English derivation of Latin Persiānus, the adjectival form of Persia, itself deriving from Greek Persís (Περσίς), [12] a Hellenized form of Old Persian Pārsa (𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿), [13] which means "Persia" (a region in southwestern Iran corresponding to modern-day Fars province).
Aimaq or Aimaqi (Persian: ایماقی, romanized: Aimāqi) is the dominant eastern Persian ethnolect spoken by the Aimaq people in central northwest Afghanistan (west of the Hazarajat) and eastern Iran. It is close to the Dari varieties of Persian. [2] The Aimaq people are thought to have a 5–15% literacy rate. [1]
Hazaragi is spoken by the Hazara people, who mainly live in Afghanistan (predominantly in the Hazarajat (Hazaristan) region, as well as other Hazara-populated areas of Afghanistan), with a significant population in Pakistan (particularly Quetta) and Iran (particularly Mashhad), [13] and by Hazaras in eastern Uzbekistan, northern Tajikistan, the Americas, Europe, and Australia. [14]
Dari Persian is the official language for approximately 35 million people in Afghanistan [14] and it serves as the common language for inter-ethnic communication in the country. [15] As defined in the 2004 Constitution of Afghanistan, Dari Persian is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan; the other is Pashto. [16]
The term "Afghan" is synonymous with the ethnonym "Pashtun", but in modern times the term became the national identity of the people, who live in Afghanistan.[6] [7]The national culture of Afghanistan is not uniform, at the same time, the various ethnic groups have no clear boundaries between each other and there is much overlap. [8]