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Theophylline is metabolized extensively in the liver. [2] It undergoes N-demethylation via cytochrome P450 1A2. It is metabolized by parallel first order and Michaelis-Menten pathways. Metabolism may become saturated (non-linear), even within the therapeutic range. Small dose increases may result in disproportionately large increases in serum ...
Gabapentin acts by decreasing activity of a subset of calcium channels. [13] [14] [15] Gabapentin was first approved for use in 1993. [16] It has been available as a generic medication in the United States since 2004. [17] In 2022, it was the tenth most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 40 million prescriptions.
The therapeutic window (or pharmaceutical window) of a drug is the range of drug dosages which can treat disease effectively without having toxic effects. [19] Medication with a small therapeutic window must be administered with care and control, frequently measuring blood concentration of the drug, to avoid harm.
Gabapentin is a prescription medication that was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1993 as a treatment for epilepsy. It works by binding to a type of calcium channel in nerve ...
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[16] [17] [18] Combinations of theophylline, ephedrine, and a barbiturate were later phased out in favor of combinations of theophylline and ephedrine alone (e.g., brand name Franol). [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Fixed-dose combinations of theophylline and ephedrine were abandoned after the 1970s as they did not allow for dose titration in asthma therapy owing ...
However, it would appear to be at least 63% at a single dose of 250 mg, based on the fact that this fraction of phenibut was recovered from the urine unchanged in healthy volunteers administered this dose. [31] Gabapentin at a low dose of 100 mg has a T max (time to peak levels) of approximately 1.7 hours, while the T max increases to 3 to 4 ...
[3] [4] [5] However, at high dose, it may lead to cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, seizures or other serious cardiovascular and/or central nervous system adverse effects. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Tedral is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to theophylline, ephedrine and/or phenobarbital.
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