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Wampum is a traditional shell bead of the Eastern Woodlands tribes of Native Americans. It includes white shell beads hand-fashioned from the North Atlantic channeled whelk shell and white and purple beads made from the quahog or Western North Atlantic hard-shelled clam. In New York, wampum beads have been discovered dating before 1510. [1]
As an artist, James-Perry specializes in wampum, natural dyeing, and textile art. [2] [1] She hand carved and polishes wampum beads because she wants wearers to "get a sense of being involved in the story of the piece", thus supporting Native American culture. [2]
A wampum necklace named Heart Protector that Wallace-Chavez made in 2019 was also featured at the Queens Museum as a part of the Artist-In-Residence Tecumseh Ceaser exhibit. Several of her wampum belts have also been commissioned by the Seneca Nation and other private collectors, including for the Dakota Access Pipeline protests. [3]
The materials comprised in this artwork are translucent and frosted acrylic sheets, and this installation is the first time she has ever physically represented the wampum belt. [9] Authentic wampum belts are created from tubular beads found from Atlantic coast seashells.
The earliest beads are larger when compared to later beads and those of wampum, with hand drilled holes. The use of the more slender iron drills much improved drilling. "Wampum" is a Wampanoag word referring to the white shells of the channeled whelk shell. The term now refers to both those and the purple beads from quahog clamshells. [19]
Only women of rank were allowed to produce "Girdles of wampom and beads", and Weetamoo's production of these items reinforced her status. Wampum belts would be strung together with shells and were often used among Native Americans to deliver messages accompanied by speeches. [10] Under Algonquian culture, Wampum and beads represented wealth and ...
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