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Off-the-record Messaging (OTR) is a cryptographic protocol that provides encryption for instant messaging conversations. OTR uses a combination of AES symmetric-key algorithm with 128 bits key length, the Diffie–Hellman key exchange with 1536 bits group size, and the SHA-1 hash function.
The term "end-to-end encryption" originally only meant that the communication is never decrypted during its transport from the sender to the receiver. [9] For example, around 2003, E2EE has been proposed as an additional layer of encryption for GSM [10] or TETRA, [11] in addition to the existing radio encryption protecting the communication between the mobile device and the network infrastructure.
In September 2015, G Data Software launched a new messaging app called Secure Chat which used the Signal Protocol. [34] [35] G Data discontinued the service in May 2018. [36] In September 2016, Google launched a new messaging app called Allo, which featured an optional "incognito mode" that used the Signal Protocol for end-to-end encryption.
In Google Allo, Skype and Facebook Messenger, conversations are not encrypted with the Signal Protocol by default; they only offer end-to-end encryption in an optional mode. [133] [159] [156] [160] Up until March 2017, Signal's voice calls were encrypted with SRTP and the ZRTP key-agreement protocol, which was developed by Phil Zimmermann.
Cryptocat is a discontinued open-source desktop application intended to allow encrypted online chatting available for Windows, OS X, and Linux. [3] It uses end-to-end encryption to secure all communications to other Cryptocat users. Users are given the option of independently verifying their buddies' device lists and are notified when a buddy's ...
Wickr is an American software company based in New York City. [1] It is known for its instant messaging application of the same name. The Wickr instant messaging apps allow users to exchange end-to-end encrypted and content-expiring messages, and are designed for iOS, Android, Mac, Windows, and Linux operating systems.
Wire provides end-to-end encryption for all features. Wire's instant messages are encrypted with Proteus, a protocol that Wire Swiss developed based on the Signal Protocol. [37] [38] Wire's voice calls are encrypted with DTLS and SRTP. [20] [37] In addition to this, client-server communication is protected by Transport Layer Security. [19]
It uses end-to-end encryption protocols to secure all communications to other Signal users. [28] [63] Signal can be used to send end-to-end encrypted group messages, attachments and media messages to other Signal users. The app uses 4 encryption algorithms to encrypt all text and media sent to and from the app: XEdDSA and VXEdDSA, Double ...