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A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth's mantle, hypothesized to explain anomalous volcanism. [2] Because the plume head partially melts on reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots, such as Hawaii or Iceland, and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan and Siberian Traps.
A topographic map of Coyote Natural Bridge in Utah shows how the meandering Coyote Gulch carved a shorter route through the rock under the arch. The old riverbed is now higher than the present water level. Some natural bridges may look like arches, but they form in the path of streams that wear away and penetrate the rock.
A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection of abnormally hot rock within the Earth's mantle. Because the plume head partly melts on reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots , such as Hawaii or Iceland , and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan and Siberian traps .
The concentrated heat triggers a plume hundreds of kilometers in diameter that ascends directly through to the surface of the Earth. [8] When the hot plume arrives at the base of the lithosphere, some of the lighter rock of the lithosphere rapidly melts. It is this molten lithosphere that becomes the basalt lavas that gush onto the surface to ...
The molten rock, or magma, in such a chamber is less dense than the surrounding country rock, which produces buoyant forces on the magma that tend to drive it upwards. [1] If the magma finds a path to the surface, then the result will be a volcanic eruption ; consequently, many volcanoes are situated over magma chambers. [ 2 ]
If you want a big dose of energy when you view the front of your home, look no further than a red front door. Lewis says that the color red is a “passionate, amped up” and even “prosperous ...
Any one mineral may be dominant, and this, together with the two or three other major minerals present, suffices to determine the petrographic name. The presence of the following minerals precludes a rock from being classified as a lamproite: primary plagioclase , melilite , monticellite , kalsilite , nepheline , Na-rich alkali feldspar ...
Add a tasty touch to your entryway with these front door decorations designed to look like a candy-covered gingerbread house! A DIY wreath and plastic candy canes framing the door add to the ...