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Socialist democracy is a political system that aligns with principles of both socialism and democracy. It includes ideologies such as council communism, democratic socialism, social democracy, and soviet democracy, as well as Marxist democracy like the dictatorship of the proletariat. It was embodied in the Soviet system (1922–1991). [1]
Socialism is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems [1] characterised by social ownership of the means of production, [2] as opposed to private ownership. [3] [4] [5] It describes the economic, political, and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. [6]
As a related ideology, classical social democracy is a form of democratic socialism. [195] Social democracy underwent various major forms throughout its history and is distinguished between the early trend [196] that supported revolutionary socialism, [197] mainly related to Marx and Engels, [198] as well as other notable social-democratic ...
Social democracy can be divided into classical and modern strands. Classical social democracy attempts to achieve socialism through gradual, parliamentary means and by introducing it from within democracy rather than through revolutionary means. The term social democracy can refer to the particular kind of society that social democrats advocate.
Socialism – range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production and workers' self-management [10] as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.
Sopade member Curt Geyer was a prominent proponent of liberal socialism within the Sopade, and declared that Sopade represented the tradition of Weimar Republic social democracy—liberal democratic socialism, and declared that Sopade's held true to its mandate of traditional liberal principles combined with the political realism of socialism ...
The majority of self-declared socialist countries have been Marxist–Leninist or inspired by it, following the model of the Soviet Union or some form of people's or national democracy. They share a common definition of socialism, and they refer to themselves as socialist states on the road to communism with a leading vanguard party structure ...
Democracy in Europe can be comparatively assessed [1] according to various definitions of democracy. [2] According to the V-Dem Democracy Indices, the European countries with the highest democracy scores in 2023 are Denmark , Norway and Sweden , meanwhile the European countries with lowest democracy scores in 2023 are Belarus , Russia and Turkey .