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According to an alternative viewpoint, analysis in epistemology is metaphysical analysis, which aims at understanding the nature of the thing being investigated. [33] An alternative methodology to philosophical analysis is explication. Explication aims to clarify a term by replacing it with a more precisely defined technical term.
The term “social epistemology” was first coined by the library scientists Margaret Egan. [5] and Jesse Shera [6] in a Library Quarterly paper at the University of Chicago Graduate Library School in the 1950s. [7] The term was used by Robert K. Merton in a 1972 article in the American Journal of Sociology and then by Steven Shapin in 1979 ...
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature, origin, and limits of knowledge.Also called theory of knowledge, it explores different types of knowledge, such as propositional knowledge about facts, practical knowledge in the form of skills, and knowledge by acquaintance as a familiarity through experience.
It is an initiative that apply philosophical analysis to enhance collaborative, cross-disciplinary scientific research by improving cross-disciplinary communication. [22] There are also scholars who consider the application of epistemologically relevant psychology to science as applied epistemology. [ 23 ]
Computational epistemology; Historical epistemology – study of the historical conditions of, and changes in, different kinds of knowledge; Meta-epistemology – metaphilosophical study of the subject, matter, methods and aims of epistemology and of approaches to understanding and structuring knowledge of knowledge itself
The research emerged in part from William G. Perry's research on the cognitive intellectual development of male Harvard College students. [1] [4] Developmental theories of epistemic cognition in this model have been developed by Deanna Kuhn and others, with a focus on the sequential phases of development characterising changes in views of knowledge and knowing.
Foundationalism is an attempt to respond to the regress problem of justification in epistemology. According to this argument, every proposition requires justification to support it, but any justification also needs to be justified itself.
A particular form of epistemological pluralism is dualism, for example, the separation of methods for investigating mind from those appropriate to matter (see mind–body problem). By contrast, monism is the restriction to a single approach, for example, reductionism , which asserts the study of all phenomena can be seen as finding relations to ...