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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process of fertilization in which an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass"). The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, then removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from her ovaries and enabling a man's sperm to fertilise them in a culture medium in a laboratory.
Treatment may include ovulation induction, surgical interventions, artificial insemination, such as intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), or the use of an egg donor or a sperm donor. In vitro fertilization is the most well known of the assisted reproductive technology procedures performed at a fertility clinic. Advanced ...
With ART, the process of sexual intercourse is bypassed and fertilization of the oocytes occurs in the laboratory environment (i.e., in vitro fertilization). [citation needed] In the US, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines ART to include "all fertility treatments in which both eggs and sperm are handled. In general, ART ...
In vitro fertilization: once the egg is obtained it is fertilized with the donor sperm in a laboratory. [7] This can be done by ICSI technique or regular In vitro fertilization. Once the egg is fertilized, embryos are obtained that are kept in the lab for 3 to 5 days, when they develop to blastocysts. [ 8 ]
In some cases, in vitro fertilization (IVF) is used in which induced ovarian follicle stimulation is followed by extraction of oocytes from the ovaries. The oocytes are then fertilized in vitro by sperm using Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and the fertilized eggs are re-introduced into the uterus in a procedure called embryo transfer. [2]
Artificial reproduction is the re-creation of life brought about by means other than natural ones. It is new life built by human plans and projects. Examples include artificial selection, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, artificial womb, artificial cloning, and kinematic replication.
Howard Jones brought together the leading practitioners of the five US-based IVF programs (Norfolk, [clarification needed] Vanderbilt, University of Texas at Houston, and the University of Southern California, Yale) to discuss the establishment of a national registry for in vitro fertilization attempts and outcomes. 2 years later, in 1985 the ...
Robert Edwards was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the development of in vitro fertilization". [29] Steptoe and Jean Purdy were not eligible for consideration as the Nobel Prize is not awarded posthumously. [30] Carl Wood was dubbed "the father of IVF (in vitro fertilisation)" for having pioneered the use of frozen ...