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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (from cyto-'cell' via Greek κύτος kútos - 'container' + μέγας mégas 'big, megalo-' + -virus via Latin vīrus 'poison') is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, [3] in the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. Humans and other primates serve as natural hosts.
The incidence of primary CMV infection in pregnant women in the United States varies from 1% to 3%. Healthy pregnant women are not at special risk for disease from CMV infection. When infected with CMV, most women have no symptoms and very few have a disease resembling infectious mononucleosis. It is their developing fetuses that may be at risk ...
Mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 26 species in this subfamily, divided among 5 genera. Diseases associated with this subfamily include: human cytomegalovirus (HHV-5): congenital CMV infection; HHV-6: 'sixth disease' (also known as roseola infantum or exanthem subitum); HHV-7: symptoms analogous to the 'sixth disease'. [1] [2]
A study published in 2009 links infection with CMV to high blood pressure in mice, and suggests that the result of CMV infection of blood vessel endothelium in humans is a major cause of atherosclerosis. [51] Researchers also found that when the cells were infected with CMV, they created renin, a protein known to contribute to high blood pressure.
The systemic use of corticosteroids in the context of inflammatory bowel disease can promote CMV infection in the colon. [1] The corticosteroids used as a primary treatment for flare-up events of inflammatory bowel disease reduce the autoimmune activity of the T lymphocytes and monocytes that contribute to the inflammation of the colon and small intestine.
Cucumber mosaic virus, of the family Bromoviridae Cytomegalovirus , a genus in the family Herpesviridae Human cytomegalovirus , a human-infecting species of cytomegalovirus commonly known as CMV
Cytomegalovirus retinitis, also known as CMV retinitis, is an inflammation of the retina of the eye that can lead to blindness. [1] Caused by human cytomegalovirus , it occurs predominantly in people whose immune system has been compromised, including 15-40% of those with AIDS.
Cytomegalovirus esophagitis is a form of esophagitis associated with cytomegalovirus. [1] Symptoms include dysphagia , upper abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes hematemesis . This condition occurs in the setting of patients with a weakened immune system who are susceptible to both infections by CMV and the manifestation of ...