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The standard size barrel of crude oil or other petroleum product (abbreviated bbl) is 42 US gallons (35.0 imp gal; 159.0 L). This measurement originated in the early Pennsylvania oil fields , and permitted both British and American merchants to refer to the same unit, based on the old English wine measure, the tierce .
According to the American Petroleum Institute (API), a standard barrel of oil is the amount of oil that would occupy a volume of exactly 1 barrel (158.99 L) at reference temperature and pressure conditions of 60 °F (15.6 °C) and 14.696 psi (1,013.25 hPa) (or 1 atm). This standard barrel of oil will occupy a different volume at different ...
Although crude oil is sometimes shipped in 55-US-gallon drums, the measurement standard of oil in barrels is based on the whiskey containers of the 1870s that measured 42 US gallons (35 imp gal; 159 L). [12] The measure of 42 US or wine gallons corresponds to a wine tierce (third-pipe).
The tun (Old English: tunne, Latin: tunellus, Middle Latin: tunna) is an English unit of liquid volume (not weight), used for measuring wine, oil or honey.It is typically a large vat or vessel, most often holding 252 wine gallons, but occasionally other sizes (e.g. 256, 240 and 208 gallons) were also used.
Historically a beer barrel was a standard size of 36 US gallons (140 L; 30 imp gal), as opposed to a wine barrel of 32 US gallons (120 L; 27 imp gal), or an oil barrel of 42 US gallons (160 L; 35 imp gal). Over the years barrel sizes have evolved, and breweries throughout the world use different sized containers.
The tierce (also terse) is both an archaic volume unit of measure of goods and the name of the cask of that size. [1] The most common definitions are either one-third of a pipe or forty-two gallons. In the petroleum industry - a barrel of oil is defined as 42 US gallons.
In 1973, the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey was renamed Exxon, and the facility likewise became known as the Exxon Bayway Refinery. On the night of December 5, 1970 a series of powerful explosions occurred at the refinery, resulting in multiple injuries but no fatalities in and around the plant.
In the US, the dry quart and dry pint are exactly 15121 / 92400 larger than their liquid counterparts, while the dry barrel is exactly 1 / 33 smaller than the fluid barrel, except for barrels of beer (dry barrels are exactly 5 / 341 smaller) and barrels of oil (dry barrels are exactly 3 / 11 smaller).
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