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These anchors typically consist of a thick-walled, steel, tubular shaft filled with scrap metal or concrete and fitted with a conical tip. Steel flukes are often attached to the shaft to improve its hydrodynamic stability and to provide additional frictional resistance against uplift after installation. [1]
When selecting an anchor, consider the element formwork and the ease of placement and securing of the anchor prior and during the pouring of the concrete. For example, some of the anchors shown in figures 4-6, can be placed into thin wall elements as the anchor chair maintains the position relative to the element thickness.
Slipform stonemasonry is a method for making a reinforced concrete wall with stone facing in which stones and mortar are built up in courses within reusable slipforms. It is a cross between traditional mortared stone wall and a veneered stone wall. Short forms, up to 60 cm high, are placed on both sides of the wall to serve as a guide for the ...
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Anchor bolts transfer different types of load: tension forces and shear forces. [3] A connection between structural elements can be represented by steel columns attached to a reinforced concrete foundation. [4] A common case of a non-structural element attached to a structural one is the connection between a facade system and a reinforced ...
An anchor plate, floor plate [1] or wall washer is a large plate or washer connected to a tie rod or bolt. Anchor plates are used on exterior walls of masonry buildings, for structural reinforcement against lateral bowing. Anchor plates are made of cast iron, sometimes wrought iron or steel, and are often made in a decorative style. [2]
Helical anchors consist of an extendable steel shaft with helical bearing plates. Piles or piers refer to strong base elements that withstand or transfer vertical/horizontal loads. Anchors are piles utilised only in tension applications like restraining wall tiebacks or vertical ground anchors made to resist overturning forces.
Suction caissons (also referred to as suction anchors, suction piles or suction buckets) are a form of fixed platform anchor in the form of an open bottomed tube embedded in the sediment and sealed at the top while in use so that lifting forces generate a pressure differential that holds the caisson down.