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A secondary obligation, also known as an accessory obligation, is a duty that is incidental to a primary obligation. [11] A duty to perform a secondary obligation may result, for example, as a result of their breach of a primary obligation, or by another party breaching an obligation that the secondary obligor has guaranteed.
Refers to obligations between members of the same group or party, differentiated from the whole party's obligations to another party. inter vivos: between the living Refers to a gift or other non-sale transfer between living parties. This is in contrast to a will, where the transfer takes effect upon one party's death. / ˌ ɪ n t ər ˈ v aɪ ...
The English modal auxiliary verbs are a subset of the English auxiliary verbs used mostly to express modality, properties such as possibility and obligation. [a] They can most easily be distinguished from other verbs by their defectiveness (they do not have participles or plain forms [b]) and by their lack of the ending ‑(e)s for the third-person singular.
For example, the inferred certainty sense of English must developed after the strong obligation sense; the probabilistic sense of should developed after the weak obligation sense; and the possibility senses of may and can developed later than the permission or ability sense. Two typical sequences of evolution of modal meanings are:
Specific obligations arise in the services performed by a minister of a church, by a soldier, or by any employee or servant. [4] Examples: Dereliction of duty is an offense in U.S. military law [5] Duty to protect, in medicine [6] [7] In loco parentis, for schools [8] Professional responsibility for lawyers [9] and accountants [10]
The greatest negative obligation may have just one exception—one higher obligation of self-defense. However, even the greatest positive obligations generally require more complex ethical analysis. For example, one could easily justify failing to help, not just one, but several injured children quite ethically, in the case of triage after a ...
For example, the responsibility of innkeepers creates obligations when certain things left by guests in the lodging are destroyed, damaged or lost by the innkeeper's assistants or employees. In this case, the innkeeper is responsible for the damages to the guest's property, even though he did not cause them personally.
A common example of a solidary obligation created thorough operation of law is vicarious liability such as respondeat superior. Solidarity can be either active or passive. A solidary obligation that is active exists among the obligees (creditors) in the transaction. It is passive when it exists among the obligors (debtors) in a transaction.